a. before引导的时间状语从句,不用否定式谓语。如:
Before they got to the bus stop,the bus had gone.
在他们到达公共汽车站之前,公共汽车已经走了。
b. before引导时间状语从句时,往往表示主句的动作先于从句的动作发生。对于before的翻译方法,一般情况下翻译成“在……之前”,当然,还有其他译法。如:
“……才”,强调主句所表达的时间、距离很长或花费的力气很大。
We waited a long time before he came out.我们等了很长时间他才出来。
“……就”,强调主句所表达的时间、距离短或花费的力气较小。
We hadn't waited long before he came out.我们没等多久他就出来了。
“还没有……”“免得”“不知不觉”“宁可、宁愿”“否则,要不然”等。
He died before he wrote a will.他还没来得及写遗嘱就死了。
The sun had set before we knew it.不知不觉的太阳已经落山了。
I must write it down before I forget.我得写下来,免得忘了。
Leave me before I change my mind.趁我还没有改变主意,快离开我。
Get out before I call the police.滚开,否则我叫警察了。
I'd die before I apologized to them!我宁死也不向他们道歉!
c. It+(not)be+some time+before从句。在肯定句中,意为“多长时间之后才”;在否定句中,意为“用不了多长时间就”。如:
It will be five years before he returns to his homeland.再过五年他才能回国。
It won't be long before we meet again.过不了多久我们就会再见面的。
It was not long before the thief was caught.不久小偷就被抓住了。