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Ⅲ.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The first attempt of even the most talented artists,musicians,and writers is seldom a masterpiece.If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals(彩排),or tryouts,revising will seem a natural part of the writing%%%50%%%.What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through?The answer is adding,deleting,replacing,reordering,—%%%51%%%,revising.Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984,he had in mind a funny,exciting production.However,when Phantom opened in London in 1986,the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music.The musical had%%%52%%%several revisions due,in part,to problems with costuming and makeup (戏服和化妆).For instance,Lloyd Webber%%%53%%%some of the music because the Phantom's makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds.When you revise,you change aspects of your work in%%%54%%%to your evolving purpose,or to include%%%55%%%ideas or newly discovered information.Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment.%%%56%%%,it is a major stage of the writing process,and writers revise every step of the way.Even your decision to%%%57%%%topics while prewriting is a type of revising.However,don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows%%%58%%%.Always make time to become your own%%%59%%%and view your dress rehearsal,so to speak.Reviewing your work in this way can give you%%%60%%%new ideas.Revising involves%%%61%%%the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing,making your purpose more clearly,and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present.When you revise,ask yourself the following questions,keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing:Is my main idea or purpose%%%62%%%throughout my draft?Do I ever lose sight of my purpose?Have I given my readers all of the%%%63%%%—that is,facts,opinions,inferences—that they need in order to understand my main idea?Finally,have I include(1)A.technique B.style C.process D.career(2)A.in particular B.as a result C.for example D.in other words(3)A.undergone B.skipped C.rejected D.replaced(4)A.rewrote B.released C.recorded D.reserved(5)A.addition B.response C.opposition D.contrast(6)A.fixed B.ambitious C.familiar D.fresh(7)A.However B.Moreover C.Instead D.Therefore(8)A.discuss B.switch C.exhaust D.cover(9)A.drafting B.rearranging C.performing D.training(10)A.director B.master C.audience D.visitor(11)A.personal B.valuable C.basic D.delicate(12)A.mixing B.weakening C.maintaining D.assessing(13)A.amazing B.bright C.unique D.clear(14)A.angles B.evidence C.information D.hints(15)A.unnecessary B.uninteresting C.concrete D.final
(1)C,(2)D,(3)A,(4)A,(5)B,(6)D,(7)C,(8)B,(9)A,(10)C,(11)B,(12)D,(13)D,(14)C,(15)A
(1)文章开头提到最优秀的作家第一次尝试写作,因此本题选C表示写作的“过程”:假如你把自己的草稿看做是彩排,那么随后对它进行不断地修订,这是写作过程中很正常的一部分。 (2)美国百老汇的许多彩排或预演的目的都是要对剧本进行增加、删减、替换、重新录音等各种工序,这些都能笼统地被称为“修订”,因此这里用in other words表示“换句话说”。 (3)从语境看,这里用undergo表示“经历”:这部音乐剧于1986年搬上舞台的时候已经因为戏服与化装等问题进行了多次修改。undergo经历,skip略过,跳过,reject拒绝,replace代替,替换。语境表示在公演之前经历了很多次的修改,而不是拒绝、忽略或代替修改。 (4)既然剧中演员的化装使演员唱不出某些音调,那么就必须修改、重写其中的一些乐曲了。因此这里用rewrite表示“重写”。release释放,发行;record录制,录音;reserve保留,保存。既然演员唱不出某些音调,那么唯一的选择就是将这些音调进行修改。 (5)不管是彩排还是我们日常工作中的改变,其目的都是为了适应自己不断前进,而改变自己工作中的某些方面,因此这里用in response to表示“回应,回答”。 (6)全文谈论的是预演与修订,因此这里选D表示把“新”思想、新发现的信息都包括进去,用fresh表示“新的,新鲜的”。 (7)语境表示转折含义,因此选C表示“而是,相反地”:修订不仅仅是任务快结束时才有的一种“事后的想法”,而是写作过程中很重要的阶段,作者在写作的每一步都要进行修订。A可是,然而;B而且,此外;D因此。 (8)前文说,作者在写作的每一步都要进行修改,在写作之前决定改换另外一个标题,这也算是一种修改。四个选项的主要含义:discuss讨论,switch转换,exhaust用尽,耗尽,cover包括,覆盖。只有B项搭配与语境相符。 (9)从语境的连贯及常识看,对稿子的修改阶段是跟在“写草稿”之后,而不是“重新编排/安排、表演、培训”之后,先起草写作的材料,然后再进行修改,因此本题选A。 (10)作者说,我们要尽量找出时间来,自己既当作者又当观众,从而寻找自己作品中的错误,进行修改。语境中的“观看你自己的彩排”表明本空选C。 (11)用这样的方式修改自己的作品,能使你找到一些有价值的新思想。A个人的,B有价值的,C基本的,D微妙的。从语境的连贯判断选B。 (12)作者说,在修订的过程中,你要对自己的作品通盘考虑,考虑其是否有效,是否恰当等。语境的“有效性、恰当性”表明本题选D表示“评价,评估”。A混淆,B削弱,C维持。 (13)作者再在这里提出几个在修改时要注意的问题,第一个问题是:我要表达的主要意思或者写作意图在我的草稿中很清晰吗?A令人惊异的,B明亮的,C独特的。以上三项都不如D项符合语境的连贯。 (14)语境提到的“事实、个人观点、推论”,这些不是“角度、证据、暗示”,而是各种“信息”,只有C项能概括后面的内容。 (15)既然会使读者感到困惑,那么这些信息就是“不必要的”,而不是“枯燥的、具体的、最终的”。
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